胆结石是一种常见的疾病，主要发生在胆囊内。它通常由胆固醇、胆色素或钙盐等物质组成，形成固体结晶。对于胆结石的治疗，目前主要有两种方法：保守治疗和手术治疗。

Conservative treatment is suitable for patients with mild symptoms or small stones. It mainly includes dietary adjustment, drinking plenty of water, and taking some drugs to relieve symptoms. However, this method can only alleviate symptoms and cannot completely eliminate stones. Therefore, patients need regular follow-up.

For patients with severe symptoms or large stones, surgical treatment is recommended. The most common surgical methods include laparoscopic cholecystectomy and open cholecystectomy. Laparoscopic surgery has the advantages of less trauma, shorter hospital stay, and faster recovery. However, it requires higher technical skills. In contrast, open surgery is more traditional but has certain limitations in terms of postoperative recovery.

In summary, the choice of treatment method should be based on the patient's condition and personal preference. Regular physical examination and early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent complications.